| 2019-2023 | Member, National Assessment Governing Board |
| 2011-2013 | Commissioner, Equity and Excellence Commission, U.S. Department of Education |
| 2004-2010 | Member, Board of Directors, National Board for Education Sciences Chair, 2008- 2010 |
| 2008-2010 | Member, Council of Economic Advisors, California |
| 2007 | Member, Governor's Commission for a College Ready Texas, Texas |
| 2006 | Chair, NCLB Growth Model Pilot Peer Review, U.S. Department of Education |
| 2005-2008 | Member, Governor's Committee on Education Excellence, California |
| 2002-2006 | Member, Independent Review Panel, National Assessment of Title I, U.S. Department of Education |
| 2001-2005 | Member, NCES Finance Technical Review Committee, U.S. Department of Education |
| 2002 | Member, Advisory Council on Education Statistics, U.S. Department of Education |
| 1994-1998 | Member, Board of Economic Advisors, New York State Assembly |
| 1994-1995 | Member, Technical Panel on Trends and Issues in Retirement Savings, Advisory Council on Social Security |
| 1987-1995 | Consultant, U.S. Department of Education |
| 1986-1989 | Consultant, U.S. Commission on Civil Rights |
| 1987-1989 | Chairman, Technical Advisory Panel, Congressional Budget Office |
| 1985-1987 | Member, Panel of Economic Advisers, Congressional Budget Office |
| 1983-1985 | Deputy Director, Congressional Budget Office |
| 1974 | Systems Analyst, Military Airlift Command, U.S. Air Force |
| 1973-1974 | Senior Economist, Cost of Living Council |
| 1971-1972 | Senior Staff Economist, Council of Economic Advisers |